Abrupt advancement in technologies lead to growing thirst for efficient and economical alternative materials that possess superior properties. This lead to a gradual shift from the use of monolithic alloys to Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs). High resistance to corrosion and wear makes Aluminium MMC (AMMC) the most promising variant for...Read More

Thermally treated functionally graded aluminum hybrid composite is an innovative solution to the expanding mechanical and tribological needs of the marine industry. Through horizontal centrifugal casting, gradation of secondary (SiC) and primary (B4C) ceramics improves the reciprocal wear resistance of 6 wt%B4C/4 wt%SiC/A333 hybrid composite over 6 wt%B4C/A333 mono-composite and A333 alloy. Advanced characterization demonstrates the...Read More

Modern technology demands have raised the popularity of aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) as it best suits diverse industrial applications. The need to develop an advanced functional material for specific applications attracts global researchers. Commercial needs for cost-effectiveness, quality improvement, superior performance and high strength to low weight ratio are...Read More

Functionally graded A333/6wt.%B4C/4wt.%ZrO2 hybrid composite manufactured through horizontal-centrifuge casting is subjected to statistical investigation focused on the parametric influences and interactions on wear responses–specific wear rate and coefficient of friction. Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array design facilitates accurate trend analysis of factors against responses. Mathematical model development using Response Surface Methodology optimizes the...Read More

Hybrid ceramics in functionally graded aluminium hybrid composites are a developing choice for the maritime industries to maximize their daily mechanical and tribological demands. Ceramic types, including borides, oxides, and carbides, have a key impact in regulating the tribo-mechanical performance of hybrid composites. The external addition of Mg potentially lowered the wetting angle along...Read More

Aluminium hybrid functionally graded metal matrix composites (FGMMCs), meet growing demands for supreme tribo-mechanical performance in automotive and aviation industry. This research experimentally compares the influence of carbide ceramics (B4C, SiC, TiC) as reinforcements, in improving reciprocating tribology performance and mechanical strength of A333 hybrid composites against alloy. Hollow cylindrical samples of A333/6 wt%B4C/4 wt%TiC and A333/6 wt%B4C/4 wt%SiC hybrid FGMMCs were developed...Read More

This study comparatively investigates the rotational dry sliding wear behaviour of hybrid ceramic reinforced AA6082/3wt.%Boron Nitride (BN)/4wt.%Boron Carbide (B4C) stir cast composite against its alloy by varying weight percentage (2, 4 and 6 wt.%) of Corn Cob Ash. Maximum hardness (70.7 BHN) and impact strength (32 J) was identified at...Read More

Tribology and mechanical properties of thermal treated Al-9Si/10wt%SiC functionally graded composite are compared with as-cast condition. The composite was centrifugally cast as a hollow cylindrical component (Ø(outer) 100 × Ø(inner) 60 × 100 mm), characterized at three wall layers (up to 3, 10, and 18 mm) from the outer periphery. Metallographic analysis on as-cast...Read More

The tribological performance of functionally graded composites (FGCs) under abrasive and reciprocating test conditions are reviewed, from the numerous studies performed over the last three decades. FGCs produced differing wear analysis trends under varying process conditions and parameters. A general framework identifying the process parameters as well as assessing the wear performance...Read More

Dry sliding performance of Cu-11Ni-4Si/10wt.%Al2O3 graded composite was investigated statistically and experimentally using pin-on-disc wear tester. Microstructural analysis revealed maximum gradient concentration of ceramics towards the inner radial wall of developed composite. The wear analysis was based on Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array and Regression models, at tribo-parameters (load-15, 25, 35 N, slide...Read More

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) revealed an immense growth with world-wide demand. This paper details a critical review on the periodic transformation in FGM production technologies and influence of thermal treatment on the physical, structural and manufacturing characteristics of FGMs. Popular alloys and ceramics utilized for FGM manufacturing are identified and classified...Read More

This research compares the reciprocating tribo-mechanical behaviour of functionally graded A333 (Al-9Si-3Cu) alloy, Al-9Si-3Cu/6wt%B4C mono-composite and Al-9Si-3Cu/6wt%B4C/4wt%TiB2 hybrid-composite. Cylindrical test samples of both alloy and composites were horizontal centrifuge cast. Metallography of alloy revealed grain refinement and throughout presence of B4C particles along the cross-section of both functionally graded composites. Whereas,...Read More

The functional grade composite Cu-11Ni-4Si/10wt.%TiC along with Cu-11Ni-4Si alloy was stir cast, followed by horizontal-centrifuge cast technique. Cast sample was prepared at a dimension Fout100 x Fin85 x 100 mm. A comparative analysis for non-lubricated slide tribology at inner wall zone (1-5 mm), middle wall zone (5-10 mm) and outer...Read More

Functionally graded Cu-10Sn-5Ni/10B4C composite was fabricated using horizontal centrifugal casting. Microstructural and mechanical properties were superior at reinforcement-rich inner zone where wear tests were conducted based on response surface methodology five-level run order, using pin on disc tribometer. Results showed that wear rate increases linearly with increase in load and...Read More

LM25 aluminum alloy reinforced with 10 wt% of TiB2, WC, and ZrO2 were squeeze cast to investigate the effect of T6 heat treatment on tribo-mechanical properties. Among all, WC-reinforced composite achieved superior mechanical properties at the aging time of 8 h. Microstructural examination performed on all composites and alloy concluded that the presence...Read More

Non lubricated slide performance of functional grade copper matrix composite, fabricated using horizontal centrifuge cast technique was investigated using pin-on-disc tribo-tester. Rate of wear and friction coefficient of the inner wall thickness of hollow cylindrical cast specimen was analyzed using Taguchi based L27 orthogonal array, where the percentage of graphite particles...Read More

This research aims to fabricate Cu-10Sn-5Ni /10wt%TiC functionally graded composite (Øout100 X Øin70 X 100 mm) through horizontal centrifuge cast technique and to study its tribo-mechanical characteristics. Microstructural observation revealed higher percentile of reinforcement particles at inner wall zone compared to middle and outer zones. Vicker’s micro hardness tests revealed...Read More

This research analyses physical and anti-wear properties of a functional grade Cu–Ni–Si/TiC, manufactured using horizontal- centrifuge cast process. The microstructural analysis conducted radially at wall thicknesses 1, 8 and 13 mm from outer, showed an increasing gradient of particle distribution providing 41% improved hardness at the inner p eriphery and...Read More

The functionally graded composite Cu-10Sn-5Ni/10 wt% B4C and its alloy, was manufactured (Φout100 × Φin85 × 100 mm) by stir casting route utilizing horizontal centrifuge cast technique. A comparative dry sliding tribological analysis was performed for interior (1–5 mm), intermediate (5–10 mm) and exterior (10–14 mm) zones of both composite and alloy, using pin-on-disc...Read More

Functionally graded LM14 Al/12Si3N4/3Gr hybrid composite was developed through horizontal centrifugal casting with a wall thickness of 15 mm. Mechanical analysis like Vickers hardness (27%) and tensile strength (3%) were observed superior at Si3N4 rich outer zone than Gr rich inner zone. Rate of wear of Gr rich inner specimen (8–13...Read More

Functional grade composites Cu–10Sn–5Ni reinforced with 10 wt%SiC and 10 wt%Al2O3, respectively, and their alloy was developed through horizontal centrifuge cast technique. Sample composites and alloy were cast at cylindrical dimensions of Φout100 × Φin70 × 100 mm. They were later subjected to tribology analysis during non-lubricated sliding. Anti-wear performance variations at inner (0–8 mm) and outer (8–15 mm) wall thicknesses...Read More

The functionally graded Cu-11Ni-4Si/10wt%WC composite and its alloy have been synthesized using horizontal centrifugal casting technique to compare the mechanical and tribological improvement and its utility for bearings and bushes. Microstructure analysis and mechanical tests showed 43% improvement in hardness and 160% improvement in tensile strength at inner radial distances...Read More

This study investigates the mechanical and tribological properties of a functionally graded Cu–Sn–Ni/Al2O3 metal matrix composite, synthesized using horizontal centrifugal casting technique with dimension Φout100 × Φin85 × 100 mm. The microstructure was examined along radial distances at 1, 8, and 13 mm from outer periphery. Specimens were tested for tensile strength from outer (1–8 mm) and inner...Read More